Goldilocks Zone Properties Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Goldilocks Zone Properties - Research Paper Example According to a NASA journal titled â€Å"The Goldilocks Zone†, the Goldilocks Zone is very big. The journal also talks about researchers who are trying to extend the regions of the Zone by looking for signs of life in distant planets. Research shows that there are certain organisms that prefer acidic conditions and some that swim in hot boiling water. The journal goes on to talk about ecosystems that have been discovered where the sun never reaches, and there is very hot water enough to melt metal. This means that the Goldilocks zone is very big, and covers areas that might be considered uninhabitable. The aim of this paper is to give a detailed account of the properties of the Goldilocks Zone. One of the Goldilocks zone properties is the presence of liquid water on the surface of the planets (Brian, 2011). The only planet known to contain large water bodies on its surface is the earth and this is where water exists in its liquid form rather than ice (Davies, pp 129-150). Ocea ns, lakes and rivers are surface water bodies which sustain lives of animals that live in water and also humans on earth. Water in the Goldilocks zone should not be too hot to evaporate or too cold to freeze, therefore, in case water evaporates or freezes, all life will vanish. Since earth is at the centre of the Zone, it has a constant water surface whereby the water does not become too hot or too cold to sustain life. Mars is considered to be on the cold side of the zone while Venus is on the hot side hence these two planets are not habitable since their water surface is irregular. Water is able to sustain life by: Transporting materials around the human and animal body and it can resist frequent changes in temperature therefore offering a favorable environment for aquatic animals. Planets with a hydrogen atmosphere such as earth can maintain water flowing no matter the distance from the sun. Once water freezes or boils and lost into space, all earthly life will be lost. Liquid wa ter is a vital property for a region to be classified under the Goldilocks Zone (Brian, 2011). Position to a star determines whether or not a planet has liquid water (Brian, 2011). According to Brian, a star’s energy output, gravitational pull, and size determine the location of the Goldilocks Zone. Compared to other liquids, water has unique properties which make it essential for life (Davies, pp85-103). Oceans and lakes do not freeze rock solid because water expands when it freezes. According to Davies, ice floats on liquid water, and aquatic animals are able to live on the water below. Water can dissolve many substances and it takes a lot of energy to change its temperature. This means that when a region experiences hot temperature, water remains moderately cool, hence sustaining life. Therefore, presence of water in the Goldilocks zone is a fundamental property, since it is able to sustain life during the cold and hot conditions (Davies, pp85-103). As earlier mentioned, E arth falls under the Goldilocks Zone, and the presence of water on Earth gives it its relatively moderate type of weather. Temperature is another property of the Goldilocks Zone and is chiefly affected by climate as the Earth rotates. The orbit of the Earth is circular so when it orbits around the zone, it enables the temperatures to remain steady. This is contrary to planets such as Venus which has an

Manti TeO Case Essay Example for Free

Manti TeO Case Essay By having read the comprising articles and the reader comments on the college football player Manti Te’o, this issue has many different meanings to many different readers. And as Gail Collins stated, â€Å"All I can say is, the story tells you a lot†, this open ended story clearly does give off a large amount of information and arouses a series of questions that anyone would hope to have answered for a better understanding. To me, this issue comes off as confusing, disturbing, and at the same time wretched. Even though Te’o had explained that he was hoaxed, I still am confused to what I believe. For some reason, I feel as though he has something to do with the person that has been hoaxing him all this time to make him not look completely foolish. In order for someone to accept to be in an online relationship, they must be absolutely desperate or grasping for a lot of attention. Especially because this is becoming a problem with someone like Manti Te’o is just puzzling. From someone who is a senior at Notre Dame College, and more than likely having dealt with a wide variety of different situations, anyone would think he would have had more common sense to go along with something like this. That is why most individuals, including me, can give a long explanation to why we are confused. After reading these articles, a different question popped up in my head after every sentence and this situation would be a lot more understandable if they were answered. To make a fake profile, and to use it as a way to make another individual feel sorrow for you is just alarming. It is incredible that today’s society has people that stimulate and have to deal with situations like this one. The fact that you can be in an extremely serious relationship over the internet, without ever meeting face to face, and knowing that Manti Te’o is one of the very many makes this society even more provoking. You hear about these types of issues more and more as time progresses. This issue is wretched because it is what today’s society is evolving to and society makes it okay for issues like this to occur. Television shows, social networking sites, magazines, and movies are putting ideas in people’s head and allowing them to think these types of occurrences are okay to perform. It is just absolutely terrible because issues like this are going to continue to occur because no one is attempting to put an end to it and people seem to be just falling into these types of pits more frequently. Consequently, if this situation was to teach anything, it was that our society has a lot ahead of us. Anyone can be a phony, everything in a way can be unreliable, and people need to realize this is become a truly large struggle. Gail Collins statement â€Å"All I can say is, the story tells you a lot† is an understatement. This story tells you much more than a lot and it tells you exa ctly what our future is beginning to become.

Quit Watching Me! :: essays research papers

“Quit Watching Me!';   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Attempts to monitor employees have always existed in one form or another, from mechanical keystroke counters in the early part of the century, to the latest innovations in electronic monitoring. As technology advances, so do the monitoring possibilities in the workplace. As result of the endless possibilities in surveillance, anxiety in employee’s increase, which in most cases leads to illnesses. Studies have shown that individuals who are constantly being monitored at work suffer from inevitable effects, the majority being illnesses such as physical, emotional, and mental disorders. Employers feel they have the right to monitor their employees, however when extensive monitoring effects a employees health, then the employers has gone to far. Advance technology has lead to monitoring devices such as via computers, video surveillance, and active badges in the last decade, but as the intensity of the surveillance increases so do the negative effects on the empl oyees.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There has been a huge increase to pass legislation’s that will regulate the employer in monitoring his employees’ by via computer. Monitoring an employee by via computer is one of the latest innovations in electronic monitoring, which is done by purchasing and installing software in the companies computer system. Once the software is installed, it will be able to do a variety of types of electronic monitoring from keystroke counting and accuracy, time how long it takes to make a transaction, and how long the computer has been on idle. This type of electronic monitoring that involves advanced technology and “the constant monitoring to measure employees’ performance creates an enormous amount of pressure and stress…the stress that is created by monitoring has caused serious physical effects'; (Ternipsede 447) on employees in the work place. Many employees have been effected from such setting in the workplace, but they are unaware of the effects since they take many years to develop fully. Another type of electronic monitoring that can damage an employee’s health is video surveillance.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Video surveillance has existed in the work place since the invention of the television. Video surveillance cameras come in all shapes and sizes, from the obvious ones to some that are small as a dime. Many employers purchase such devices to capture employees and customers who commit theft and fraud, or any other illegal activity. The increase of technology in electronic monitoring is now able to transfer images from a camera to a computer where the employer is able to zoom in and make a positive identity of the employee or customer who is committing an illegal act.

Alaska vs Florida

Alaska is different from Florida in several ways such as the time zones. In Alaska the time is four hours behind the time in Florida. Another way they are different is in the place that they are on a map. Alaska is in the North West and Florida is in the South East. These two places also differ in climate. In Alaska the climate is cold, while in Florida there is a tropical climate. Along with different climates come different temperatures.In Alaska the normal temperature in the summer is about fifty degrees Fahrenheit. In Florida the normal temperature is about ninety. In Alaska the sky has constant darkness for about three months, but in Florida there is normal daylight. Alaska is also different from Florida by the size. Alaska is larger that Florida in land mass. Florida has a greater population than Alaska, however. Alaska allows you to get your learner’s permit to drive when you turn fourteen.Florida allows you to get your learner’s permit at the age of fifteen. The last ways that these two states differ are the natural resources. In Alaska the natural resources are gold, fish, and fur. On the other hand, in Florida the natural recourses are oranges, sugar cane, seafood, cows, the ocean, and natural spring water. Although these states have many differences, they also have some similarities. Both Alaska and Florida are states in the United States.Florida and Alaska are also both peninsulas, a land that is almost completely surrounded by water but connected to the mainland. Both of these places have many fun things to do. In Alaska you can ski, ice skate, play ice hockey, snowboard, or go sledding because most of the year there is snow on the ground. In Florida you can go to the beach, go surfing, play volleyball, go to the boardwalk, or go to Disney World.

Job Title Costumer-Service

Job Title Costumer-Service Representative Agent Job Summary Serves customers and sellers in half. Com by providing information and services. Acts as a connector from costumers, sellers and the employee in half. Com towards on questions, deal with and help resolve any customer complaints, and improving the costumers satisfaction related to service and activities in half. Com. Maintaining the relationship between costumers and sellers accordance with the company's guidelines and policies. Relationship Reports to : Supervisor of Customer ServiceSupervises : Costumer Service staff in e-Bays facility In Salt Lake City Works with : Employee who has responsibilities on database and human-resources worker External Relationship : Buyers and Sellers Qualifications Education : Diploma or bachelor's degree In field Communication, Business, and Management Ability Communicate clearly and professionally, both verbally and in writing Strong detail orientation and communication/listening skills. Has a pleasant, patient and friendly attitude Strong decision making and analytical abilities Skills Basic computer and technological knowledge Administrative procedures and information processingCustomer relationship principles and practices Essential Responsibilities Resolves product or service problems by clarifying the customer's complaint; determining the cause of the problem: selecting and explaining the best solution to solve the problem Questions 1. Does the day diary include sufficient information ? Yes, The day diary provides sufficient information describing how Mr.. Ryan Job summary and Job description of Bill Ryan does in a day. 2. Identify the specific Information In the article that you found useful The specific information that I found useful in the article is about the mechanism of hones and emails. . What additional information do you require ? How would that information help you? Additional information that I need is detail information about the Ryan supervisor and ho w is reporting and whether he is reporting directly to team leader, supervisor, and any other person. I need information about Ryan supervisor structure to write his reporting responsibilities. I also need information about how he communicates with the co-worker and supervisor either through email or telephone or any process and how much salary of Bill Ryan each months.

Examining The Knowledge Behind Creation Information Technology Essay Essays

Examining The Knowledge Behind Creation Information Technology Essay Essays Examining The Knowledge Behind Creation Information Technology Essay Essay Examining The Knowledge Behind Creation Information Technology Essay Essay Tacit cognition personal cognition embedded in persons based on their experience and affecting such intangible factors as personal belief, position, and values. Other types of cognition based on intent and usage are [ 5 ] : i‚Â § Know-what This is the cardinal phase of cognition, e.g. people/group/organizations know what they know ( possibly through their formal instruction ) but do nt cognize when and how to use the cognition to work out jobs i‚Â § Know-how Represents the ability to interpret studious, or learned cognition into existent universe consequences, e.g. cognizing when to utilize certain cognition to work out real-world jobs i‚Â § Know-why Goes beyond the know-how phase. This cognition enables persons to travel a measure beyond know-how and create extraordinary purchase by utilizing cognition, including the ability to cover with unknown interactions and unobserved state of affairss i‚Â § Care-why It represents self-motivated creativeness that exists within the persons in a company. This is the lone degree that can non be supported by a cognition direction system but may be supported through motive / human resource patterns. B. Knowledge Creation, Capture and Conversion Knowledge creative activity ever begins with an person or a group of persons, who separately or as a group come up with new thoughts, constructs, merchandise or procedure inventions, etc. Knowledge creative activity may happen through research, invention undertakings, experimentation, observations, etc. Firestone et Al. [ 2 ] suggest that cognition production starts with cognition claim preparation, followed by single and group acquisition, information acquisition, cognition claim rating and eventually, the edifice of organisational cognition. Harmonizing to Nonaka et Al. [ 4 ] , the organisational cognition creative activity / transition procedure is based on a simple model that contains two dimensions. The first dimension shows that lone persons create cognition while the other dimension relates to the interaction between tacit and expressed cognition. These two dimensions constitute the base for specifying the four Knowledge Creation / Conversion Processes Socialization, Externalization, Combination and Internalization. i‚Â § Socialization tacit cognition is converted into silent cognition during treatments, communications, meetings, etc. i‚Â § Externalization tacit cognition is converted into expressed cognition, and embodied in paperss, manuals, etc. i‚Â § Combination explicit cognition is converted into another signifier of explicit cognition i‚Â § Internalization explicit cognition is converted by persons into tacit cognition. hypertext transfer protocol: //www.trainmor-knowmore.eu/img/1.3.2.jpg Figure 1.3 ( 2 ) Knowledge Conversion. Beginning: Nonaka at all ( 1995 ) The 4 different manners of cognition transition construct a cognition spiral without a start or an terminal. This uninterrupted and dynamic procedure has its roots in the behavior of the chief cognition creative activity agent the human being. For illustration, when people are seeking to unite expressed cognition ( i.e. when person uses mathematics and natural philosophies expressions to work out a complicated job ) they might, at the same clip, discourse it with their equals ( other pupils or instructors ) , therefore interchanging tacit cognition with them. Furthermore, they might see a pupil treatment forum looking for solutions where they will hold to project or explicate their job ( related cognition ) when inquiring for more aid. Nonaka et Al. besides see a five-phase theoretical account of the organisational cognition creative activity procedure dwelling of the undermentioned stages: i‚Â § Sharing tacit knowledge corresponds to socialisation ; i‚Â § Making constructs the shared cognition is converted to explicit cognition constructing a new construct ; i‚Â § Justifying constructs the justification of new constructs allows organisations to find if they are truly worthy of chase ; i‚Â § Constructing an original the worthy construct is converted to a theoretical account, paradigm or an operating mechanism, etc. i‚Â § Cross-leveling cognition here the cognition created is expanded across the organisation. hypertext transfer protocol: //www.trainmor-knowmore.eu/img/1.3.3.jpg Fig 1.3 ( 3 ) : Five-phase theoretical account of the organisational knowledge-creation procedure. Beginning: Nonaka at all ( 1995 ) Knowledge gaining control could cross the whole set of activities performed by an organisation, get downing with the organisation of clients and market information, to the aggregation of illustrations of best pattern or lessons learned or the development of a mentoring programme. It is of import to capture both explicit and tacit knowledge even though the latter creates more troubles. Tacit cognition is contained in rumorus, legends, storytelling, norms, beliefs, etc. , while expressed cognition is stored in books, paperss, databases, webs, e-mail, etc. The gaining control of expressed cognition is the systematic attack of capturing, forming, and polishing information in a manner that makes information easy to happen, while besides easing larning and job resolution. Tacit cognition direction is the procedure of capturing the experience and expertness of the person in an organisation and doing it available to anyone who needs it. During cognition creative activity, capturing and codification procedures, new constructs or cognition claims are developed which need, in general, to be tested or validated at a ulterior phase in order to find their veracity and value. This implies that the new constructs are of greater value than the bing 1s. It should non be forgotten, nevertheless, that the bulk of companies and employees accumulate and capture cognition unconsciously through several methods, patterns and state of affairss. Some of them are consistently managed by company direction while others are non as they occur during day-to-day work and pattern ( e.g. acquisition by making, informal meetings, detecting or listening to others, lessons learned, etc ) . The rating of new constructs could be made against the company ends and vision, and its value assessed in footings of improved organizational effectivity and fight. The balanced scorecard is a perfect instrument which relates the cognition position of the company with its fiscal state of affairs, clients, concern procedures and learning/growth positions. However, in the rating of new constructs SMEs should be careful non to come in into clip devouring and dearly-won processs with small obvious value for the company. Research on the balanced scorecard method shows its added value for larger companies, hence, it is non developed farther in this Handbook. If new cognition is coming from experiments or observations, it needs to be analyzed, explained and verified. There is a demand to bring forth hypothesis, for illustration, in order to explicate experimentation or observation consequences, every bit good as to set up conformity between new and bing cognition. The entire cognition pool is besides updated by integrating the new cognition [ 10 ] . By and large, knowledge acquisition from persons or groups can be characterized as the transportation and transmutation of valuable expertness from a cognition beginning ( e.g. , human expert, paperss ) to a cognition depository ( e.g. , organisational memory, intranet, paperss, etc. ) [ 10 ] . Organizational memory constitutes all cognition elements from silent cognition elements ( based on the experience of employees ) , to tangible informations and information, which could be stored in the organisation archives. Unless cognition is embedded into such touchable systems or indirectly accessed through effectual engagement of people in cognition intensive undertakings, the organisation can non leverage the cognition held by its single members. Organizational cognition acquisition is the amplification and articulation of single cognition at the organizational degree so that it is internalized into the house s cognition base . C. Enabling Conditions for Knowledge Creation Given that cognition creative activity is a complex and fuzzed procedure, the chief function of the organisation is to supply the proper context for easing group activities every bit good as the creative activity and accretion of cognition at the single degree. The undermentioned five conditions [ 13 ] are considered as demands in advancing the cognition creative activity coiling described in Figure 1.3 ( 2 ) above: i‚Â § Purpose: The degree of organisational aspiration to its ends is a driver of the cognition spiral. Within concern scenes the attempts to accomplish the ends normally take the signifier of a scheme. From the point of view of organisational cognition creative activity, the kernel of scheme prevarications in developing the organisational capableness to guarantee, make, roll up and work cognition. The most critical component of a corporate scheme is to make a clear vision about what sort of cognition should be developed and to efficaciously implement that vision in practical footings. This procedure is referred in direction literature as scheme operationalisation. This refers to the procedure required for a scheme to be transformed from a vision or a documented program into existent mundane actions with concrete and mensurable consequences. In a KM context this procedure implies the transition of strategic KM visions and ends into determinations and patterns at an operational degree. Given that cognition is really context particular, the operationalisation of KM scheme could besides be referred to as KM customisation reflecting bing organizational construction, civilization, staffing issues, concern operations, merchandises and clients. i‚Â § Autonomy: Autonomy is the 2nd status for advancing the cognition spiral. It increases the motive of persons to make new cognition or original thoughts. By leting persons and groups to move autonomously the organisation may increase the possibility of presenting unexpected chances. Self-organized squads serve as a footing in Nipponese invention creative activity. i‚Â § Fluctuation and originative pandemonium: Fluctuation ( breakdown of modus operandis, wonts, etc. ) and creative pandemonium addition tenseness and concentrate attending on specifying jobs and deciding crises. They promote the cognition spiral by beef uping the subjective committedness of persons every bit good as stimulation of interaction with the external environment. Fluctuation and originative pandemonium act as a trigger for single members to alter their cardinal ways of thought and challenge bing constructs. They besides help to project their hidden silent cognition. i‚Â § Redundancy: In concern organisations, redundancy refers to knowing imbrication of information between employees and sections, etc. about assorted concern activities, direction duties and the company as a whole. It is characterized by the being of information that goes beyond the immediate operational or functional demands of specific organisational members. This does non intend that this cognition is non utile. Rather, it helps rush up the cognition creative activity procedure through sharing of excess information. It is of import at the construct development phase where certain employees, maps or sections have information and cognition beyond their ain functional boundaries, e.g. on other countries of the administration. This external information and cognition can assist them bring forth extra creative and advanced capacity. Redundancy of information enables staff to lend to dialogues more actively and to clearly warrant their thoughts utilizing widely known corporate concern footings or company slang. In add-on, redundancy of information supports smooth corporate hierarchy changes. This is important for administrations with high employee turnover and where there is a attendant hazard of sudden and frequent loss of silent cognition. Job rotary motion is a manner of integrating the benefits of redundancy. i‚Â § Required assortment: An organisations internal diverseness should fit the assortment and complexness of the environment. Supplying equal entree to information within the organisation supports the exchange of different point of views and readings of new information. Organizational members can get by with many unexpected events if they have a assortment of information and experience. This assortment can be enhanced by uniting information otherwise, flexibly and rapidly [ 13 ] . D. Techniques for Knowledge Capture The undermentioned three major attacks to knowledge acquisition from persons and groups are applicable to the gaining control of silent cognition. In many instances, the attacks can be combined [ 10 ] : i‚Â § Interviewing experts structured interviews of capable affair experts is the most frequently used technique to render cardinal silent cognition of an single into more expressed signifiers. In many organisations, structured interviewing is performed through issue interviews that are held when knowing staff are near retirement age. i‚Â § Learning by being told the interviewee expresses and polish his or her cognition and at the same clip, the interviewer or knowledge applied scientist clarifies and validates the cognition therefore rendering the cognition in an expressed signifier. This signifier of cognition acquisition typically involves sphere and undertaking analysis, procedure tracing, and protocol analysis and simulations. Simulations are particularly effectual for ulterior phases of cognition acquisition, formalizing, refinement, and finishing the cognition gaining control procedure. i‚Â § Learning by Observation Observation is an of import tool that can supply a wealth of information. Silent observation is best used to capture the self-generated nature of a peculiar procedure or process. A figure of other techniques may be used to capture silent cognition from persons and from groups, including [ 10, 11 ] : i‚Â § Storytelling Narratives are another first-class vehicle for both capturing and coding silent cognition. An organisational narrative is a elaborate narration of direction actions, employee interactions, and other intra organisational events that are communicated informally within the organisation. Conveying information in a narrative provides a rich context, doing the narrative to stay in the witting memory longer and making more memory hints than is possible with information non in context. Narratives can greatly increase organisational acquisition, communicate common values and regulation sets, and serve as an first-class vehicle for capturing, coding, and conveying valuable silent cognition. i‚Â § Questionnaires or Surveys when a big group of people should be interviewed, a questionnaire could be a first measure, followed by single interviews. The questionnaire could include close-ended and/or open-ended inquiries. The latter are best for deriving more information as they do non restrict the respondent to a set of predefined replies. i‚Â § Brainstorming or Ad-hoc Sessions Sessionss of no more than 30 proceedingss for sharing thoughts in a stimulating and focused atmosphere. They can take topographic point as face-to-face meetings or do usage of engineerings such as instant messaging, e-mail, teleconference, and chat suites. i‚Â § Focus Groups include structured Sessionss in which a group of stakeholders is asked to portion their positions about a antecedently presented solution. i‚Â § Learning Histories ( lessons learned debriefings ) represent a retrospective history of important events that occurred in the organisation s recent yesteryear, as described in the voice of the people who took portion in them. The larning history procedure starts with be aftering which establishes the range of the larning history to be captured. After that participants are asked to portion their analysis, rating, and the judgement they used. Other penetrations emerge and the gaining control and codification of these penetrations helps increase the organisation s brooding capacity. Next, the information that was gathered from the interviews is synthesized into a drumhead format that will do it really easy for others to entree, read, and understand. The content is so written up, validated, and published in order to circulate the learning history and to ground it as portion of the organisational memory. A learning history is therefore a systematic reappraisal of successes a nd failures in order to capture best patterns and lessons learned. i‚Â § Documentation it could include certification from bing systems, archival information, policies and procedural manuals, studies, memos, meeting notes, criterions, e-mails, public ordinances, other ushers, etc. i‚Â § Participation Learning-by-doing or on-the-job-training is priceless both for experience and for obtaining cognition. It is experimental, deductive acquisition that seeks to do sense of happenings and to set up causal links between actions and results. Apprenticeships, internships or traineeships and mentoring are signifiers of experient skilled individuals go throughing cognition to a novitiate. i‚Â § Task Analysis an attack that looks at each key undertaking an expert performs and characterizes the undertakings in footings of requirement knowledge/skills required, effects of mistake, frequence, trouble, and interrelatednesss with other undertakings and persons, every bit good as how the undertaking is perceived by the individual ( everyday, awful, or thirstily anticipated ) . It could be done by observation ( mutely ) or as an interview by the cognition applied scientist. i‚Â § Learning from others can affect activities such as external benchmarking, which involves larning about what the leaders are making in footings of their best patterns, either through publications or site visits, and so accommodating and following their best patterns. Benchmarking helps place better ways of making concern. Other larning beginnings include company acquisitions or amalgamations, go toing conferences and expoundings and commissioning specific surveies. Inviting guest talkers to an organisation presents yet another chance to convey a fresh position or point of position. E. Knowledge Codification Knowledge codification serves the polar function of leting what is known in the organisation to be shared and used jointly. By change overing cognition into a touchable, expressed signifier such as a papers, cognition can be communicated much more widely and with less cost. Knowledge must be codified in order to be understood, maintained and improved upon as portion of corporate memory. People ever used some type of cognition codification during their mundane activities to do communicating and treatments more effectual. Work or concern slang, electronic mail every bit good as computing machine coder s proficient linguistic communication are merely some illustrations. However, it is impossible to codify in a papers or a database the cognition, accomplishments, expertness, understanding and passion of an employee. In this instance, the best solution is to supply a nexus to the beginnings of cognition utilizing a cognition maps, company xanthous pages or a company usher. These issues ar e examined subsequently in this Handbook ( Chapters 3.1.5, 3.1.7 ) The codification of expressed cognition can be achieved through a assortment of techniques such as cognitive function, determination trees, cognition taxonomies, and undertaking analysis [ 10 ] : i‚Â § Cognitive Maps Once expertness, experience, and know-how have been rendered ( made ) explicit, the ensuing content can be represented as a cognitive map. A cognitive map is a representation of the mental theoretical account of a individual s cognition and provides a good signifier of statute cognition. In the map, the nodes represent the key constructs, while the links between them show the interrelatednesss between constructs. Therefore, cognitive function is based on construct function, and allows experts to build cognition theoretical accounts. They could demo multiple positions or positions on the content ( Figure 1.3 ( 4 ) ) . hypertext transfer protocol: //www.trainmor-knowmore.eu/img/1.3.4.jpg Figure 1.3 ( 4 ) : Example of a Concept Map. Beginning: Dalkir ( 2005 ) i‚Â § Decision Trees typically in the signifier of a flow chart, with alternate waies bespeaking the impact of different determinations being made at that occasion point. A determination tree can stand for many regulations, and when you execute the logic by following a certain way, you are efficaciously short-circuiting regulations that are non relevant to the instance in manus ( Figure 1.3 ( 5 ) ) . hypertext transfer protocol: //www.trainmor-knowmore.eu/img/1.3.5.jpg Figure 1.3 ( 5 ) : Example of a Decision Tree. Beginning: Dalkir ( 2005 ) i‚Â § Knowledge Taxonomies Concepts can be viewed as the edifice blocks of cognition and expertness. Taxonomies are basic categorization systems that enable us to depict constructs and their dependences typically in a hierarchal manner. The higher up the construct is placed, the more general or generic the construct is. The lower the construct is placed, the more specific an case it is of the higher-level classs. This attack allows lower or more specific constructs in the taxonomy to straight integrate the properties of the higher degree or the parent constructs ( Figure 1.3 ( 6 ) ) . hypertext transfer protocol: //www.trainmor-knowmore.eu/img/1.3.6.jpg Figure 1.3 ( 6 ) : Example of Knowledge Taxonomy 3.13.3: What are the Implications for Organizational Learning / Training in footings of Tacit Knowledge: A Tacit cognition can be a sustainable competitory advantage. The trouble inherent in tacit cognition transportation is that capable affair experts and cardinal cognition holders may non be cognizant, hence, unable to joint, communicate and depict what they know A Tacit cognition is embedded in group and organisational relationships, nucleus values, premises and beliefs. It is difficult to place, turn up, quantify, map or value A Tacit cognition is embedded in the person A So, the distribution and effectual usage of expressed cognition can frequently be achieved through systematic preparation as it is the planned and organized development of accomplishment, cognition and attitude, required by an person in order to execute a specific occupation or undertaking to a given criterion of public presentation. Furthermore, systematic preparation is planned in a logical sequence where a preparation demand is identified, a program is put in topographic point to turn to the demand and the program is implemented and evaluated and assessed. A The distribution and effectual usage of tacit cognition, is non, nevertheless, easy achieved through systematic preparation. Often such cognitions will non be able to make those who need it without direct, face-to-face contact and the usage of less-structured methods including sink or swim where a individual learns by making and experience, sit by Nellie where they act as an learner to an older, skilled, knowing worker and find . A A 2.5.4.3.A ) A A A A A A A A A Different ways of Learning / Sharing and Using Tacit Knowledge A While preparation is necessary, much of it is wasted due to the flexibleness of the labor market employees can easy come and travel. [ 6 ] Much of an administration s strength its know-how and experience is institution specific. As such, it can non be rehired when people leave, merely learned, with new appointees by and large expected to absorb by osmosis. Many administrations are now utilizing assorted experiential larning techniques to develop staff and to back up them in larning from experiences. A There are two nonvoluntary larning attacks and some planned acquisition dockets. A Unconscious acquisition and incidental acquisition are nonvoluntary attacks to larning. They are unstructured, informal and normally involve chew overing over incidents. It can be argued that this learning consequences in cognition residing in the person or persons concerned. A Most of the more formal, planned larning attacks revolve around retrospective acquisition. Like unconscious and incidental larning it frequently revolves around incidents or activities but with a witting purpose to larn. A Brooding acquisition can happen both proactively and defensively. Kraft for illustration proactively decided to cut back on the fat and sugar content of their merchandises and the size of parts because they wanted to lend to actions on fleshiness and/or because they were afraid corpulence clients would action as with the baccy industry. The usage of instance surveies, internal audits and post-project reappraisals autumn into this class. Defensive acquisition is where an administration sets out to larn from an incident with a position to avoiding it s go oning once more. A Action larning uses a skilled facilitator to enforce a subject of self-reflection and analysis on squad members of single undertakings. The purpose is to enable directors to observe and forestall mistakes and to accurately reassign information or to successfully accomplish ends. A Prospective acquisition is an attack that includes elements of retrospective acquisition along with the more proactive purpose of be aftering to larn before an experience takes topographic point and more strict procedures to capture the more elusive elements of bing informations, information and cognition. Case survey illustrations are provided in lt ; gt ; , Arnold Kransdorff, Gower Publishing Ltd. , 2006. A Benetton for illustration, deliberately learns from experience through test and mistake by experimenting and retaining what has worked at each phase of company development. [ 8 ] A BP has a particular post-project assessment unit to reexamine major undertakings and to compose up instance surveies and lessons, which are so incorporated into alterations of the company s planning guidelines. [ 9 ] A Ford used unwritten debriefing [ 7 ] techniques where interviewees record their experiences anonymously and in their ain words, in a manner that reflected their corporate acquisition experience. The transcripts were so used to pull out penetrations that become a best pattern manual for others set abouting other similar undertakings. [ 10 ] The armed forces, World Bank, Bass, Cable and Wireless and Digital Equipment Corporation have besides used this procedure. A Other tools such as issue interviews can supply beginnings of larning for new staff while experient former employees can besides be brought in to back up larning amongst new staff. 3.13.5: Case study stuff on Organizational Learning / Training and the Implications for Tacit Knowledge Ikujiro Nonaka and Hirotaka Takeuchi s book The Knowledge Creating Company ( 1995 ) brought the construct of silent cognition into the kingdom of corporate invention. In it, they suggest that Nipponese companies are more advanced because they are able to successfully collectivise single tacit cognition to the house. The two research workers give the illustration of the first Nipponese staff of life devising machine, whose development was impossible until the applied scientists interned themselves with one of? gt ; Japan s prima bakers. During their internship, they were able to larn the silent motions required to kneed dough, and so reassign this cognition back to the company. A Nonaka and Takeuchi s history is about the development of the first fully automated bread-making machine for place usage developed by Matsushita. It was introduced in the Nipponese market in 1987 and was a gross revenues success. A Harmonizing to the criterion history, the design squad faced three jobs in developing the machine. The first was how to mechanise the dough-kneading procedure, which is basically silent cognition possessed by maestro bakers . The other two concerned temperature and ingredient variableness. The ideal [ ambient temperature ] was 27 to 28 grades centigrade, yet the fluctuation in Japan ranged between 5 and 35 grades centigrade. Different trade names and sorts of flour and yeast farther complicated the control system . A It is said that in order to work out the dough-kneading job, Ikuko Tanaka was sent to larn how to do staff of life with a celebrated maestro baker. After a period she noticed that the baker was non merely stretching but besides writhing the dough, which turned to be the secret of doing tasty staff of life. At this point, Nonaka and Takeuchi s statement is that silent cognition can be explicated by taking the forms of metaphors, analogies, constructs, hypotheses or theoretical accounts and so integrating them into machines by their interior decorators. Kneading dough is presented as the cardinal illustration. Tanaka was able to reassign her cognition to the applied scientists by utilizing the phrase tortuous stretch to supply a unsmooth image of working. Her petition for a tortuous stretch motion was interpreted by the applied scientists and after a twelvemonth of test and mistake the squad came up with merchandise specifications that successfully reproduced the caput baker s s tretching technique. The squad so materialized this construct, seting it together into a manual, and embodied it in the merchandise. A The temperature job was solved by adding the barm at a ulterior phase in the procedure. This was the manner people had made staff of life in the past and this method was the consequence of the socialisation and externalisation of the squad members tacit knowledge . Here, Nonaka and Takeuchi seem to utilize the term tacit cognition to mention to knowledge, which is easy verbalized, but cipher has thought to advert. A Other instance survey illustrations of company-specific experiential acquisition are provided in Corporate DNA Using Organizational Memory to Better Poor Decision-Making , Arnold Kransdorff, Gower Publishing Ltd. , 2006.

How to Write a Compare and Contrast Paper Essay Example

How to Write a Compare and Contrast Paper Essay Example How to Write a Compare and Contrast Paper Essay How to Write a Compare and Contrast Paper Essay The Compare/ Contrast Essay First, let’s explain compare and contrast: When we compare, we show our readers a subjects similarities. When we contrast, we show our readers a subjects differences. Compare and Contrast essays are learning-process essays. You learn about your subject as you gather and organize information. This type of essay takes a bit of organization, and its this organizational process, this gathering of facts, that helps you learn as you go. You will create lists of qualities or traits that each of your subjects has, and as you do this, you will discover insights to your subject that, at first glance, you may not have realized were there. It’s like buying a new shirt. The moment you spread it out on your bed, you start seeing things you hadnt noticed in the store. Perhaps a button is loose, or the pocket is torn, or its a size too big. But theres more! As an intelligent, probing writer youre going to ask questions of this shirt: why, what, where, when, how, who. Why are buttons on the collar? What other type of shirt does this shirt remind you of? Where was it made? When was it made? How did it get to your store and into your hands? Who made it? The questions are endless. But you must ask them to understand your subject. Using why, what, where, when, how, who, you to probe into the core and the reason this shirt exists. The same type of probing and uncovering will happen to you as you outline your subjects qualities. You’ll discover all sorts of new things as you ask why, what, where, when, how, who, and as you uncover these new points, your essay will change. In the end, most essays end up far different than expected. Your Thesis You will offer a thesis, like in an argumentative essay, but in this essay, your thesis sets the tone of your paper. In other words, through your thesis, you want the reader to understand what you plan to compare or contrast. Keep it simple: Your thesis will be one or two sentences on what you want to offer (your subject), and if you’re comparing or contrasting. Getting Started If possible, find an interesting subject about which you can write. This is important because your enthusiasm will show in your work. This essay calls for an outline list: you are going to list the qualities of both subjects, qualities that can be compared, contrasted, or shared. For example: lets say your comparing and contrasting surfing to snowboarding. Your first job is to list the qualities of each subject. From these qualities and your insight, you can then develop your thesis. Qualities of A: surfing |Shared Qualities |Qualities of B: snowboarding | |surf on water |both use a water medium |snowboard on snow | |need wetsuits and trunks |both require special clothing |need winter clothes and boots | A thesis that will set the tone of your essay for the qualities above might read: Though surfing and snowboarding are done in different seasons, these sports have more similarities than differences. Of course, the list above is incomplete, and, perhaps, not as academic is we would want it to be. But it’s a start. You keep listing qualities until you believe you have enough information to write a valid essay. A list of five to ten qualities works well for the average paper. But you may have to list twenty qualities to get five that will work for you. When listing, it is good to overdo it; this way, when youre ready to write your paper, you can weed out the qualities that wont work and pick the best of the bunch. Three Parts Opening: You will begin your essay, introducing the subjects you plan to compare and contrast and ending your fist paragraph with your thesis. Body: text by text (first discuss all of A and then discuss all of B) or point by point (alternate between A and B). In this class you will stick to point by point. And you will either compare or contrast, not both. Be careful, sometimes going point by point can make your writing sound tedious and repetitive. Watch your language and transition words. Use several points at a time. Ending: As in the argumentative essay, bring it all together. Allow your ending to go back to your thesis. Use the transitional words on the next page to help your paper’s coherence. Transitions and other connecting words and connecting sentences should be used throughout. Remember: There are no hard and fast rules as to how many comparisons or contrasts you should offer. For a thorough look into your subject, you must offer enough comparisons or contrasts or both to make a valid statement. Transitional Words (Conjunctival Adverbs) Use these words to help you connect your thoughts, your sentences, and your paragraphs: (Lest you wish to sound pedantic, tiptoe with caution through words such as indeed, and of course. ) addition again, also, and, and then, besides, equally important, finally, first, further, furthermore, in addition, in the first place, last, moreover, next, second, still, too comparison also, in the same way, likewise, similarly concession granted, naturally, of course contrast lthough, and yet, at the same time, but at the same time, despite that, even so, even though, for all that, however, in contrast, in spite of, instead, nevertheless, notwithstanding, on the contrary, on the other hand, otherwise, regardless, still, though, yet emphasis certainly, indeed, in fact, of course example or illustration after all, as an illustration, even, for example, for instance, in conclusion, indeed, in fact, in other words, in short, it is true, of course, namely, s pecifically, that is, to illustrate, thus, truly summary ll in all, altogether, as has been said, finally, in brief, in conclusion, in other words, in particular, in short, in simpler terms, in summary, on the whole, that is, therefore, to put it differently, to summarize time sequence after a while, afterward, again, also, and then, as long as, at last, at length, at that time, before, besides, earlier, eventually, finally, formerly, further, furthermore, in addition, in the first place, in the past, last, lately, meanwhile, moreover, next, now, presently, second, shortly, simultaneously, since, so far, soon, still, subsequently, then, thereafter, too, until, until now, when Compare Contrast Grid Subject A | Shared Qualities | Subject B | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Outline Form for Compare Contrast Essays Thesis Statement ____________________________________________________________ ________________________________________ __________ Quality #1 for paragraph #2 Specific support_______________________________________ _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ Comparative/Contrasting Qualities for paragraph #2 Specific support_______________________________________ _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ Quality #2 for paragraph #3 Specific support_______________________________________ _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ Comparative/Contrasting Qualities for paragraph #3 Specific support_______________________________________ _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ Quality #3 for paragraph #4 _______________________________________________________ Specific support_______________________________________ _______________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ___ _______________________________________________________ Comparative/Contrasting Qualities for paragraph #4 Specific support_______________________________________ _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ Conclusion ______________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ Compare or Contrast Checklist ______I have made it clear in my opening paragraph what two things I will write about and whether I will compare or contrast. ______I offered a good strong thesis letting the reader know what I plan to compare or contrast. _____I have offered three points in which I will compare and contrast my two subjects _____ I stuck to my method of development: looking, in order, at one side at a time. _____I have used transition words as I moved to each subject an d from paragraph to paragraph, so my essay reads smoothly like water rolling down a hill. There are no sudden changes of subjects without gracefully transitioning into them. ______My concluding paragraph binds my two subjects together and brings me back to the thesis of my essay. ______My simple sentences offer one thought only. ______I vary my sentences. I make sure to use compound and complex sentences, so my essay has a musical quality to it, but I do not overdo it. ______I have reviewed my essay and removed all redundant words. I avoided wordiness and stuck to concision. Checklist ______Prewriting ______Grid (comparing qualities) ______Outline ______Rough draft ______Edited drafts (with correction marks) Evaluate Your Essay _______ Read the essay once without making any comment _______Draw a line under any awkward wording that is difficult to understand _______Draw a two lines under questionable spelling or grammar _______Highlight the thesis statement (or draw a wavy line under it) _______Highlight or wavy line under the main quality in each paragraph _______Look for transitional words and phrases, and if there are none, make notes on your paper to put them in. _______Write the words â€Å"vague† or â€Å"specific† in the margins next to specific details. _______Circle or highlight: slang, cliches, repetition, and misspelled words ________Pull out Hacker or open up the Hacker site: review your MLA. If format is off, fix it.

How to Make Sure You Buy the Best Magnifier

How to Make Sure You Buy the Best Magnifier After you get a rock hammer- maybe even before- youll need a magnifier. The big Sherlock Holmes type lens is a clichà ©; instead, you want a lightweight, powerful magnifier (also called a loupe) that has impeccable optics and is easy to use. Get the best magnifier for demanding jobs like inspecting gemstones and crystals; in the field, for quick looks at minerals, buy a decent magnifier you can afford to lose. Using a Magnifier Hold the lens up next to your eye, then bring your specimen close to it, only a few centimeters from your face. The point is to focus your attention through the lens, the same way you look through eyeglasses. If you normally wear glasses, you may want to keep them on. A magnifier wont correct for astigmatism. How Many X? The X factor of a magnifier refers to how much it magnifies. Sherlocks magnifying glass makes things look 2 or 3 times bigger; that is, its 2x or 3x. Geologists like to have 5x to 10x, but more than that is hard to use in the field because the lenses are very small. 5x or 7x lenses offer a wider field of vision, while a 10x magnifier gives you the closest look at tiny crystals, trace minerals, grain surfaces, and microfossils. Magnifier Flaws to Watch for Check the lens for scratches. Set the magnifier on a piece of white paper and see if the lens adds color of its own. Now pick it up and examine several objects, including one with a fine pattern like a halftone picture. The view through the lens should be clear as air with no internal reflections. Highlights should be crisp and brilliant, with no colored fringes (that is, the lens should be achromatic). A flat object should not look warped or buckled- move it to and fro to be sure. A magnifier should not be loosely put together. Magnifier Bonuses Given the same X factor, a larger lens is better. A ring or loop to attach a lanyard is a good thing; so is a leather or plastic case. A lens held with a removable retaining ring can be taken out for cleaning. And a brand name on the magnifier, while not always a guarantee of quality, means you can contact the manufacturer. Doublet, Triplet, Coddington Good lensmakers combine two or three pieces of glass to correct for chromatic aberration- what gives an image blurred, colored fringes. Doublets can be quite satisfactory, but the triplet is the gold standard. Coddington lenses employ a deep cut inside the solid glass, using an air gap to create the same effect as a triplet. Being solid glass, they cannot ever come apart- a consideration if you get wet a lot.

Access to Treatment and Quality Care Research Paper

Access to Treatment and Quality Care - Research Paper Example The paper concludes that the problems that individuals are facing on accessing mental health services are persistent problems that have to do with different forms of unstable payment systems. Unlike other illnesses, mental disorders face massive inconsistency and subjective limitation in insurance coverage. The quality of the care that is provided will vary between the insurance providers and knowing the differences and the similarities and the rap preview to the impact in both sectors will help us to determine the strengths and weaknesses. Once we determine the attenuating circumstances in one of these mental health treatment sectors, it will ease the road for professionals to work on it and find a way to bridging the gap. The non-profit public mental health care refers to services operated by government agencies; for example, state and county mental hospitals, and services that financed with various government resources such as Medicaid. The Community Mental Health Services Block Grant a Federal-state program that finance health care services for individuals, who are poor and disabled, and federal health insurance program primarily for older Americans and people who retire early due to disability (Heyman 2001). Mental healthcare coverage is a very controversial topic especially in the United States. Many attempts have been made beginning in the twentieth century to provide a universal healthcare coverage to all those Americans who were not insured but most of them ended up in failure due to the influence of some groups, like doctors, who saw it as a way of curtailing their freedom to practice in the service of their patients. Wynia (2007), states that many of the early efforts to provide discounted healthcare were pressured out of existence by physician groups but the rising cost of healthcare has made it a mandatory issue to be

Business Studies LocationBreakeven Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Business Studies LocationBreakeven - Essay Example Also inventory would not need to be stored thus stock holding costs would also be reduced. (Unit 88) Having the suppliers close by is important, having the customers nearby also matters. The business revenue directly depends on the location which is easily accessible to the customer. Also it should be at such a place where the flow of customers is high or the population density is high so that the business product is exposed to the customers as much as it can. The transport network plays a vital role in selecting a location. The raw materials need to come via a transport route. The customers have to visit the storefront and purchase the product. Therefore the road network in the immediate vicinity needs to be good. Furthermore the location should be at such a place where train/ship/plane network is close by so that connectivity to local and international business centres is maintained. (Business Review, 2003) The actual piece of land selected for locating the business needs to be seen from the cost point of view as well. There should be room for future expansion. For customer storefronts, spacious land with space for car parking is sometimes required. The geological stability of the land area also needs to be considered as well as the knowledge of high seismic activity zones near the area. The use of Greenfield and Brownfield sites are being increasingly used in the UK. (Unit 88) Labour For a new business finding an area where skilled labour is available is also one of the factors to be considered since the skills required for the job are not always available in the locality. For an existing business moving to another location has the problem of persuading the existing employees to start coming to the new facility. They might have to relocate their homes, or change their office hours due to traffic etc. which might cause inconvenience. (Business Review, 2003) Government Influence The government of some counties may give incentives, like low priced land, to businesses to locate in some areas. The government may want to keep industries only in industrial areas and give incentives such as subsidized land and labour rates etc. (Unit 88) Image Most storefronts bank on the type of area where they are located. For a branded store, having an outlet in the posh area of the city makes sense. Thus a business wanting to create an impression and keep its status high in order to charge premium prices from the customers would need to locate in expensive localities. (Business Review, 2003) Hassle of Relocation When the business moves to a different area, a certain bit of disruption is caused to the business activities. The suppliers may not want to come to the new location. The employees would have to change their routine or even relocate themselves. The

A literature review about the role of nutrition information in Research Paper

A literature review about the role of nutrition information in influencing consumer choice - Research Paper Example The pieces of information are inclusive of brand name, price and search attributes that are within a store. There is also set levels of importance given to the visual aids within the product as well as the factual information given. It has been found (Degeratu et al, 55: 2000), that the factual information, such as fat levels, nutritional levels and other measurements, are the most important determinant of what consumers decide to buy from a supermarket (Degeratu et al, 55: 2000). While the nutritional value that is available through information is known as the most important aspect for those buying food, there are also differences in the decision making process. The demographics and expectations from different sets of individuals determine what the most popular items are in supermarkets. For instance, young adults often consume snacks that don’t have the same levels of nutritional values. The decision to choose the snacks is based on the taste, satisfaction and trends that ar e a part of the snacks. It was found through a recent study (Cranage et al, 125: 2003), that there wasn’t a difference in nutritional value when choosing different snacks. Two snacks were given, one with higher nutritional value than the other. ... From these two studies, it can be seen that the nutritional information depicts choices between various types of groups. However, there is a difference in whether the responses are positive or negative as well as what influences consumers with the enjoyment of the food. Through another study (Edwards et al, 332: 2005), there was a question of how negative or positive information influenced those that were deciding to take specific types of nutritional foods. A group was assisted with the purchases that they made by being given information on the food. The information was specifically designed to cause a positive, negative or neutral statement about the food. After eating the food, the participants were given a survey to define the quality of food with nutritional value as well as taste and satisfaction. It was found that the negative information or beliefs about the food caused the participants to be influenced by the food chosen. However, if the food was chosen, despite the negative comments, it didn’t create a negative response after eating the food in satisfaction or the taste value associated with the food (Edwards, et al, 332: 2005). This particular study shows that the information before giving individuals a type of food can influence their decision to buy the food. However, it doesn’t influence the responses that are given after eating the food and making the determination necessary for their own understanding of quality. The attitudes and behaviors that are created from quality have some dependence on the nutritional information. However, there are also cultural and societal trends that begin to influence the choices of those that are buying different types of food

Peter and Harvey have ambitious plans to grow the business Essay

Peter and Harvey have ambitious plans to grow the business - Essay Example This research will begin with the statement that in this age, competitiveness is witnessed in each and every segment. As a result, developing a dominant position is extremely difficult in the market among other rival players. However, it might be possible only if the entrepreneurs desire to maintain a good relationship with its clients or customers. This is because; it is the relationship marketing that helps a new entrant (SPSL) to enhance its image and popularity in the market that may enhance its portfolio and reliability. Moreover, relationship marketing also acts as a weapon to enhance the profitability and productivity of the organization thereby amplifying its equity and market share to a significant extent as compared to others. Similarly, in case of SPSL, Peter and Harvey offered high concentration over relationship marketing that may amplify its total sale and revenues. This strategy might amplify the level of sustainability in the market among other existing rivals. In thi s age, awareness is an essential requirement of any business organization.   Only then, it might improve its image and demand of product lines within the minds of the customers that may amplify its reputation and profitability. However, awareness might be enhanced only with the help of promotion. Promotion might take place through the personal selling process. It is processed in which, an organization or entrepreneur recruits a wide range of sales forces or sales persons so as to sell its products.

Personality Traits Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Personality Traits - Essay Example In addition, it is also true that I tend to perceive life as rosier than it is sometimes, but I do not think this is bad. On the contrary, if one willingly chooses to observe life as a unity of the good and bad, manages to focus on the good and learn from the mistakes that represent the bad, he is on the right path to a full and rich life of personal satisfaction and gratification. Aside from this, my problem solving skills have also been perfected in the sense that, unlike most people who get paralyzed when they are confronted with a difficult situation, I stop and think it through carefully. I do not waste time bothering myself with scenarios that could have been, and â€Å"if only he/she did not do it, now I would not be in this predicament.† I find this type of thinking detrimental to the process of solving the problem in question. A happy mind is a healthy mind and there is nothing that a healthy mind cannot

Peter and Harvey have ambitious plans to grow the business Essay

Peter and Harvey have ambitious plans to grow the business - Essay Example This research will begin with the statement that in this age, competitiveness is witnessed in each and every segment. As a result, developing a dominant position is extremely difficult in the market among other rival players. However, it might be possible only if the entrepreneurs desire to maintain a good relationship with its clients or customers. This is because; it is the relationship marketing that helps a new entrant (SPSL) to enhance its image and popularity in the market that may enhance its portfolio and reliability. Moreover, relationship marketing also acts as a weapon to enhance the profitability and productivity of the organization thereby amplifying its equity and market share to a significant extent as compared to others. Similarly, in case of SPSL, Peter and Harvey offered high concentration over relationship marketing that may amplify its total sale and revenues. This strategy might amplify the level of sustainability in the market among other existing rivals. In thi s age, awareness is an essential requirement of any business organization.   Only then, it might improve its image and demand of product lines within the minds of the customers that may amplify its reputation and profitability. However, awareness might be enhanced only with the help of promotion. Promotion might take place through the personal selling process. It is processed in which, an organization or entrepreneur recruits a wide range of sales forces or sales persons so as to sell its products.

The lack of uniformity for liability on multimodal transports Dissertation

The lack of uniformity for liability on multimodal transports - Dissertation Example As Nes (2002) points out, during last centuries, unimodal transport conventions such as an urban network, a regional network, or a national network of transport were the main modes of transport for goods and services. As the volume transport increased, the global traders were forced to develop improved alternatives to overcome the existed difficulties. Multimodal transport convention has been designed as an alternative to the unimodal transport system and it refers to the transfer of goods under a single contract but involves in at least two different methods of transport (Roemer). Multimodal transport contains a chain of process and steps such as multiple storage and handling stages which require a thorough control (Gocheva). Lack of uniformity in multimodal transports As Devia (2008) points out the main difficulty associated with the carriage of goods is that there is no international regime in force regarding various modes of transport. It produces many confusions and barriers for the smooth operation of the stages of transport. As a result of this lack of uniformity in regulation, it is forced to apply the determination of the law to a specific transport process when different modes of transport are deployed (Haak, 2005). It also creates some difficulties for the international transport of goods. According to Sturley (2007), there may arise some problems in the transport of goods between countries located at different continent if the goods in transit are damaged. He says the reason that the law regarding carriage of goods may vary from region to region and from continent to continent due to the absence of a common law in force (Sturley). In such cases, it is very difficult to identify the places or stages where the damages occurred so that the liability of the carrier varies in relation to the court where he is sued. The Multimodal Transport Operator (MTO) is the carrier of the contract and the responsibility of cargo or goods reaches his shoulders as soon as he takes the possession of goods and bears this risk until the goods are being delivered (Ralph, 3). Although the MTO bears the whole risk of the goods in transport, he does not directly take part in the process of actual transfer of goods. On the other hand, he usually subcontracts the certain parts of the same to the network of subcontractees on a commission basis. According to the uniform liability rules, the MTO is liable for the goods of the shipper so that he has to pay compensation to the shipper if the goods in transit are damaged at any stage of the transport (United Nations,.20). Sometimes, the shipper’s goods may get damaged due to the negligence of the sub carrier who does not have any direct liability towards the shipper since he has not entered into any contract with the shipper. At the same time, the sub carrier has jointly formed a contract with MTO and he has to pay compensation to the MTO if the contracted goods are damaged while their possession lies wi th the sub carrier (unimodal law). Due to the lack of uniformity of ‘uniform liability rules’ and ‘unimodal laws’, an MTO would not recover the whole compensation amount from the sub carriers; and it would lead MTO to huge losses. Although network liability system and modified liability system have developed to solve the difficulties associated with transport of goods, it cannot bring uniformity in applicable liability regimes for multimodal transport. Rotterdam Rules Rotterdam rules or United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International

Dramatisation Of Macbeth - Explain And Evaluate Essay Example for Free

Dramatisation Of Macbeth Explain And Evaluate Essay Introduction Macbeth is a very dramatic play because it goes through many stages and throughout these stages there are mixed feelings between characters and these are portrayed as very dramatic. Macbeth as a play involves many themes as he changes from good to evil, love, temptation, ambition, equivocation, and corruption. These themes have to be portrayed in a way, which gives maximum effect and understanding of the characters dramatisation. There are two main ways in which Macbeth can be dramatised. Through the language and through physical methods. A physical method is a term I like to use to explain anything which is done physically and portrays the idea that needs to be carried across. E.g. clothes, lighting Portrayal Through Language There are many ways in which Macbeth can be dramatised through language. Throughout my research on Macbeth I found many. Shakespeare tends to use many techniques in order to portray his message through language, and in fact he uses language more than any other method. Soliloquies. A soliloquy is a monologue spoken by a particular character that is alone on stage or assumes that he or she is alone. It reveals their inner thoughts and will. So that you as a viewer will be able to know the truth when he as a character doesnt know that you do, this dramatises the issue that he talks about and puts depth in to it, making it more interesting. Shakespeare uses this method in many occasions. One main occasion in which he used a soliloquy is when Macbeth was near the great wall and he is choosing weather to kill or not to kill because he knows that if he does there will be consequences, he says this to himself But in these cases, We still have judgement here that we but teach Bloody instructions. Shakespeare dramatises the situation using this technique. Another technique that Shakespeare uses is called Prose. He usually does this on characters that are low status but he never feared to break that rule. There are only five prose sequences within the whole play. 1. Macbeths letter to his wife 2. The Porter 3. Macbeths conversation with the assassins 4. Part of lady Mac duffs conversation with her son 5. Lady Macbeths sleepwalking A prose is a word to explain someone explaining the subject she/he is talking about. Usually Shakespeare tends to use a verse before a prose. A verse is an important technique used by Shakespeare as well. Probably the most common technique used in Macbeth is his famous blank verse (unrhyming lines with a five beat rhythm: iambic pentameter). In a blank verse each line has five iambs (feet), each with a stressed (/) and unstressed (X) syllable: X / X / X / X / X / So fair / and foul / a day / I have / not seen Shakespeare uses blank verse very flexibly, making the rhythm of the characters speech very appropriate to the meaning, the mood, and the speakers meaning and mood, this is how Shakespeare dramatises using this technique. Shakespeare could not do this without creating new words to match the blank verse H. An average person would have a vocabulary of 6,000 words. An estimate of Shakespeares vocabulary would be around 30,000 words. He created new words in such a simple and understandable way. He does this by the use of Hyphen. Macbeth is full of Hyphenated words, many are so familiar that we do not recognise them as Shakespeares. These words help to dramatise Macbeth in the way that it adds more detail to anything Shakespeare was trying to explain about the situation or the character. Examples of some of his new words: * New-born * Firm-set * New-hatched * Live-long * Bare-faced * Earth-bound * Lily-livered * Cut-throat This shows that Shakespeare likes to dramatise and create meaning atmosphere with some significance within his plays. Especially Macbeth is a great example of his efforts to portray his dramatisation and significant meaning effect on the viewer making the viewer understand more than he usually should. Shakespeare is never afraid to repeat himself or regularly use a word. The following words were used the most; you will find them used very regularly: * Blood (e.g. Scene Act 1 Scene IIII, when Macbeth says It will have blood; they say, blood will have blood: Stones have been known to move and trees to speak; Augurs and understood relations have, by maggot-pies and choughs and rooks brought forth The secret man of blood. What is the night) * Fear (e.g. Scene Act 1 Scene IIII, when Macbeth says When mine is blanched with fear.) * Sleep (e.g. Scene Act 1 Scene III, when the 1st witch says I myself have all the other, and the very ports they blow, all the quarters that they know Ith shipmans card. I will drain him dry as hay: Sleep shall neither night or day) * Night (e.g. Scene Act 1 Scene III, same as Sleep) * Done (e.g. Scene Act 1 Scene III, when Ross says Ill see it done) * Man (e.g. Scene Act IV Scene III, when Malcolm says Dispute it like a man) * Time (e.g. Scene Act 1 Scene III, when Banquo says If you can look through the seeds of time) My final evaluation on the dramatisation of Macbeth using language is that Shakespeare is a great master of English because of his different ideas to portray many things. This is a good thing because it adds more effect to the play and dramatises it causing more interest and depth to it in the way that every idea has a particular significance within the play. Portrayal Through Physical Methods In Macbeth one of the most significant things that Shakespeare uses is Imagery. Macbeth is rich in imagery. Imagery conveys ideas with such emotion and drama and that it is one of the special things about Macbeth. There are many ways in which Macbeth was dramatised through imagery these are some of them: * Portrayal Through Darkness and Light It was used because its a simple to do method, which dramatises the play. The main ways it was used was to define good from evil. For example, in a Macbeth play that we watched we saw that when king Duncan was shown the lights were so bright that you could tell that it was the way it is to represent extreme good even holiness. When the witches showed up on the scene the stage would turn very dark that the only thing that you could see was their wicked eyes representing the extreme no good, the evil. The contrast between the witches and King Duncan shows that light and darkness imagery can be very dramatic. One interesting way of using light imagery was to gradually decrease the amount of light given to Macbeth himself. This is because as we know Macbeths character starts to fade away and so does the light just to remind us of this and make it more dramatic and effective. You can understand through light and darkness if something bad is going to happen or something good. If the stage turn all dark and nothing happens you know something is going to happen. If the stage turns all bright with light you know that something good is going to happen. This idea of having different contrast of light before each scene can tell you weather this scene contains the theme of good or evil is actually a very good idea because its like a prophecy about to be fulfilled and this creates a very dramatic effect. Also the words of light and darkness are used in Macbeth, dark night strangles the travelling lamp or even more dramatic is Come, thick night. * Portrayal Through Clothes Shakespeare had many ideas to do with dramatising using clothes. One of his most famous one is his reference to the throne of Scotland dresses him in borrowed robes. Basically illustrating the theme of deception in a silent but dramatic way. Shakespeare also likes to mix different subjects or irrelevant subjects in to the matter using imagery. * Acting and Theatre, (a poor player) * Eyes, (the eye of childhood) * Hunting and Sport, (bear-like I must fight the curse) * Hands, (with these hands neer be clean) This kind of imagery again adds more depth to the play making it more interesting and more dramatic by making the viewer think about what is Shakespeare trying to represent with his language and thoughts. Speaking of thoughts, Shakespeare liked to involve community in Macbeth. * Portrayal Through Feasting And Hospitality He involved the image of community in Macbeth using Hospitality and Feasting. Eating together is a sign of friendship and community. Macbeths disrupted banquet represents his moral illusion in to evil and darkness, which took him away to another level, just like how the banquet changed from a friendly level to an embarrassment. * Portrayal Through Animals Throughout Macbeth there are many references to animals. Especially when Shakespeare trys to explain something that is mystical and fearful. This creates the perfect atmosphere for the evil characters to act in to create a dramatic experience for the viewer just like the cauldron scene. Also Shakespeare likes to use birds like robins to represent happiness because of their singing. The owl is used also to create the idea of darkness, the owl only comes out in the dark and so does Macbeth. * Portrayal Through Babies And Children Throughout Macbeth there are many references to vulnerability and innocence. This way was very successfully done through babies and children. This is because children cannot take actions and cannot prevent them either this makes them innocent. The most dramatic example in Macbeth of this dramatisation technique was when Macduffs family were killed. His son was so young and innocent that Shakespeare showed us this by his lack of knowledge, the poor boy didnt even know what a traitor was. * SON: (was my father a traitor, mother?) * LADY MACDUFF: (Ay, that he was) * SON: (What is a traitor?) * LADY MACDUFF: (Why, one that swears and lies.) * SON: (And be all traitors, that do so?) * LADY MACDUFF: (Every one.) * SON: (Who must hang them?) * LADY MACDUFF: (Why, honest men.) We can see from the extract conversation between the mother and child that Shakespeare intends to break peoples hearts and make them give sympathy toward this poor boy, who doesnt even know what a traitor is. * Other Portrayals Shakespeare tended to use a lot of violence in his stories; violence of course refers to blood. He tended to use blood because it is so significant in the way that it is precious and there is lots of it. Blood can also be represented as a word to explain something with heart to it because it is so important to you and you are mentioning it. Sleep is a common technique used in Macbeth in order to dramatise the fact that Macbeth himself cannot get sleep anymore because of his filthy deeds, and Lady Macbeth sleepwalks while pretending to wash and scrub her hand as if she is washing her deeds away, but still she rubs as if its not going away, the blood stains. This kind of technique really does dramatise it in way that again causes interest towards the audience. Conclusion To conclude I think I will say that Shakespeare is a great writer who was very creative and significant in the way that he uses different techniques to dramatise anything. When I say dramatise I mean that he made something more exaggerated in the way that you understand it more and it appeals to you more. Macbeth is very rich in dramatisation because thats what makes a good story, if its full of ideas which appeal more by having more depth in to it than usual, then you get more people watching your play because its more than the usual. People will always want something more. And thats what Shakespeare gave them and he did it well.

Human Resource Management in Healthcare

Human Resource Management in Healthcare Anna Marie Bià ±as BUSINESS FACTORS THAT UNDERPINS HUMAN RESOURCE PLANNING IN HEALTHCARE ORGANISATION I.I BUSINESS GROWTH In order for an organisation to succeed, it needs to have a â€Å"map†, that will give direction to the business, and this is the strategic plan created by experts in human resource management. The human resource department needs to clearly understand where the organisation is headed. Familiarisation with the strategy, vision and values is essential for them to make HR strategies that can support business growth and development. Human resource managers need to work hard to show that well-thought out people can play a critical role in structuring the high performance the organisation needs to uphold a long term growth. Human resource department must have a full awareness of what is going on inside the organisation from knowing the number of staffs to the type of available skills, so they can make strategies that can fully utilise the abilities of the employees to support the growth of the business. It is significant that the organisation is flexible to change. As the business prosper, it’s important not to be too much attached to the previous strategies used and let go of the aspects of the organisation that no longer in line with its vision. I.II DECLINE Business decline is an indication that an organisation has poor performance and different areas need to be evaluated to determine what needs to be improved. When the business is not prospering the most common response of the HR department is to reduce its workforce. However, the consequences of this type of scheme can be very distressing for the employee, their families and the whole communities. While workforce reduction is sometimes inevitable, there are reasons why it should be the last resort when managing business decline. For example, after a yearly audit to a particular rest home, the results show that number of residents died because of infection and falls increased tremendously and so with cases of medication error resulting to decrease number or admissions for that year. The HR managers can used those results to devised programs like Health and Safety Seminars, Medication Competency, Infection Control Programs for the staffs instead of reducing the workforce. I.III CHANGE Flexibility and adaptability are traits that an organisation should have. The organisation should be able to adapt to the constant change that occurs in the market. The human resource management plan should contain procedures, standards, policies and processes that are not too overdone or underdone. In making this type of plan, there will be an area for revision or improvement without totally affecting the operation of the organisation. I.IV COMPETITION All organisation faces competition. Competition exists when various organisations offers identical products or services. There are two types of competition; direct and indirect competition. Direct competition occurs where organisations create similar products that appeal to the similar group of customers (Studies, n.d.). For example, in New Zealand there are hundreds of nursing homes that provide similar service to the aged population. On the other hand, indirect competition occurs when different businesses produce or sell products which although not in head to head competition still compete for the same money in the consumer’s pocket. For instance, a shop that sells contemporary CD’s may be indirectly competing with a movie house that attracts young consumers to spend their money on leisure activities. I.V IMPACT OF TECHNOLOGY In the contemporary world of business, the HR departments are facing the challenge of standardising human resource processes by means of improving HR information. One way of achieving this is by moving away from â€Å"the way we’ve always done thing’ towards an innovative and modern technology that requires a giant step into unfamiliar aspect of the organisation. Modern technology can be advantageous to the organisation. For instance, when operational costs and spending are questioned and scrutinised, integrating HR and Payroll technology can be considered due to its efficiency. In addition to that, the current war for skills, employee experience, retention and employee engagement are more challenging now that they are increasingly mobile and assigned in various locations; however this can be handled by modernising the means of communication and coordination in the organisation. I.VI LABOUR MARKET COMPETITION Labour market can be understood as the mechanism through which human labour is bought and sold as a commodity and the means by which labour demand (the number and type of available jobs) is matched with labour supply (the number and type of available workers) (Sagepub, 2005). When numerous organisations produce similar services and products they will be competing in hiring for people with the excellent and relevant qualifications. In order to achieve the objectives of the organisation the HR department is now challenge on how to hire and attract the right people with the right skills, knowledge and attributes in the appropriate positions despite of the existing competition in the labour market. In dealing with this business factor, the HR manager can opt to design and improve HRM activities to achieve the organisation’s human resource requirements by developing existing staff and retaining their services over the long-term. I.VII EMPLOYEE DEVELOPMENT There are four resources that all organisations should manage well: money, equipment/machines, information and people. Investing in the development of the employees can result in their increase productivity which will directly contribute to business growth. The goal of the employee development is to improve the capabilities of the staffs and improve the organisation itself. Employee development programs may focus on individual staff or as a team. The HR managers can create and implement development programs based on the identified needs of the organisation so that the time and money invested is in line with the objectives of the business (Patton, 2002). HUMAN RESOURCE REQUIREMENT AND FACTORS THAT UNDERPINS HRM PLANNING IN A HEALTHCARE ORGANISATION II.I INTERNAL PERSONNEL REQUIREMENTS If there is any job vacancy in the organisation there’s an instance when managers fill the available position with current staff. Frequently, the company will permit any current employee to apply elsewhere in the company. This type of internal recruitment will be able to help the organisation retain highly-skilled employee. Moreover, it may include reassessing the best structure of the vacancy in a specific area, and/or relate to the desirability of developing, sustaining, and retaining valued and talented member. There is also no need to promote a role if there is an acknowledged career development path within a department and the department desires to assign that role to a current staff that has developed over recent times, has the suitable experience, and is the best internal person to fulfil the specific requirements of the role. II.II INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL FACTORS IN MATCHING PERSONNEL TO ORGANISATIONAL REQUIREMENTS Employee Relation Internal rules and procedures influence HR activities. For example, if the firm is dedicated to promoting from within, HR must ensure staffs obtain suitable training and development to be prepared for promotion when the time comes. HR should monitor the number of staffs qualified for retirement and ensure possible replacements or other staff members are trained to avoid an unexpected departure of business knowledge. External influences, political factors and organizational culture all influence the amount of grievances and complaints HR must attend to. Compensation Labour supply drives the extent of payment a business must offer to entice employees. In an oversaturated market, when unemployment is high and many more qualified applicants exist than job openings, the amount of compensation you must provide is less than when a shortage of candidates exists and you are competing against numerous other companies to hire workers. HR must frequently assess the compensation structure by conducting industry- and location-specific salary surveys to ensure wages remain competitive enough to attract and retain key staff members but low enough that the business remains financially competitive. HR must also ensure that the internal compensation structure is fair for example, experienced workers with specialized qualifications should earn more than recent college graduates performing the same tasks. Legislation Legislation influences all HR activities. Government and state legislation normally dictate how long an organisation must maintain personnel records and other employee information, what can be kept, and how. HR specialists must stay well-informed of legislation and train managers on their responsibilities. Human Resources are directly related to Labour and Employment law and encompass the various laws and guidelines specific to human resource professionals. It deals with the issues that HR professionals must contend with in the majority of their work functions, mainly in supervising and managing duties related to hiring, firing, employee benefits, wages, pay checks, and overtime. It may also pertain to workplace safety, privacy; and preventing discrimination and harassment. Furthermore, other common legislation matters of concern to the human resource managers include staff handbooks/manuals, creating policies and procedures, confirmatory action programs and policies, contract and salary laws, compliance audits, confidentiality agreements, substance abuse and drug testing laws, and unemployment compensation. 1

Freedom: Digital and Literal Essay -- The Internet

The internet has become an integral part of our lives, linking people overseas, transmitting ideas, and propelling innovation. In order to continue the innovations and links, governments and service providers should not regulate, restrict, or censor the internet. The internet, as it stands today, serves as a medium for our entertainment, communication, and commercial needs. It is something many of us have come to take for granted. The original intended purpose of the first â€Å"internet,† however, goes back to the days of the Cold War where the ever looming threat of a nuclear missile attack prompted the U.S., as well as many other countries, to build a robust, fault-tolerant, and widely distributed computer network. By 1970, ARPANET had been created from research funded by the Department of Defense. ARPANET linked research facilities in the East and West coasts in a way that was unprecedented in terms of speed and cost. The internet was not commercialized until the last decade of the 20th century, after which it gained widespread popularity and was subsequently incorporated into many aspects of our lives. How different groups approach these problems are sometimes as different as night and day. All of these approaches, however, center around regulation, which is itself composed of issues such as anti-piracy laws, net neutrality, and freedom of speech. The most recent of these issues concerns many pieces of â€Å"anti-piracy† legislation that have appeared before the United States’ Congress and before the European Union’s Parliament. In 2010, Congress attempted to quietly pass the Combating Online Infringements and Counterfeits Act, which would allow the suspension of websites that have been determined to be "dedicated to infringing acti... ...ter Bomb’." Wired. (2012): 1. Web. 13 Apr. 2012. Segal, David. "Stop the Internet Blacklist." The Huffington Post. TheHuffingtonPost.com, 27 Nov. 2010. Web. 13 Apr. 2012. Steigman, Daria. "Is Internet Access a Human Right?" Steigman Communications, LLC. 28 Feb. 2012. Web. 13 Apr. 2012. Suderman, Peter. "Internet Cop." Reason. 01 Mar. 2011: 20. eLibrary. Web. 13 Apr. 2012. Tait, Robert. "Censorship Fears Rise as Iran Blocks Access to Top Websites." The Guardian. Guardian News and Media, 03 Dec. 2006. Web. 13 Apr. 2012. Tassi, Paul. "You Will Never Kill Piracy, and Piracy Will Never Kill You." Forbes. Forbes, 03 Feb 2012. Web. 13 Apr 2012. Wagner, Adam. "Is Internet Access a Human Right?" The Guardian. Guardian News and Media, 01 Nov. 2012. Web. 13 Apr. 2012. Wyden, Ron. "Press Releases." Wyden Places Hold on Protect IP Act. 26 May 2011. Web. 13 Apr. 2012. Freedom: Digital and Literal Essay -- The Internet The internet has become an integral part of our lives, linking people overseas, transmitting ideas, and propelling innovation. In order to continue the innovations and links, governments and service providers should not regulate, restrict, or censor the internet. The internet, as it stands today, serves as a medium for our entertainment, communication, and commercial needs. It is something many of us have come to take for granted. The original intended purpose of the first â€Å"internet,† however, goes back to the days of the Cold War where the ever looming threat of a nuclear missile attack prompted the U.S., as well as many other countries, to build a robust, fault-tolerant, and widely distributed computer network. By 1970, ARPANET had been created from research funded by the Department of Defense. ARPANET linked research facilities in the East and West coasts in a way that was unprecedented in terms of speed and cost. The internet was not commercialized until the last decade of the 20th century, after which it gained widespread popularity and was subsequently incorporated into many aspects of our lives. How different groups approach these problems are sometimes as different as night and day. All of these approaches, however, center around regulation, which is itself composed of issues such as anti-piracy laws, net neutrality, and freedom of speech. The most recent of these issues concerns many pieces of â€Å"anti-piracy† legislation that have appeared before the United States’ Congress and before the European Union’s Parliament. In 2010, Congress attempted to quietly pass the Combating Online Infringements and Counterfeits Act, which would allow the suspension of websites that have been determined to be "dedicated to infringing acti... ...ter Bomb’." Wired. (2012): 1. Web. 13 Apr. 2012. Segal, David. "Stop the Internet Blacklist." The Huffington Post. TheHuffingtonPost.com, 27 Nov. 2010. Web. 13 Apr. 2012. Steigman, Daria. "Is Internet Access a Human Right?" Steigman Communications, LLC. 28 Feb. 2012. Web. 13 Apr. 2012. Suderman, Peter. "Internet Cop." Reason. 01 Mar. 2011: 20. eLibrary. Web. 13 Apr. 2012. Tait, Robert. "Censorship Fears Rise as Iran Blocks Access to Top Websites." The Guardian. Guardian News and Media, 03 Dec. 2006. Web. 13 Apr. 2012. Tassi, Paul. "You Will Never Kill Piracy, and Piracy Will Never Kill You." Forbes. Forbes, 03 Feb 2012. Web. 13 Apr 2012. Wagner, Adam. "Is Internet Access a Human Right?" The Guardian. Guardian News and Media, 01 Nov. 2012. Web. 13 Apr. 2012. Wyden, Ron. "Press Releases." Wyden Places Hold on Protect IP Act. 26 May 2011. Web. 13 Apr. 2012.